Burkina Faso: More than 3,100 suspected dengue cases are reported weekly across the country, a significant increase from the average number of new cases. More than 11,500 cases have been reported since January 2023, mainly in the Centre and Hauts-Bassins regions.Côte d'Ivoire: According to the WHO Regional Office, more than 2,400 cases of dengue fever (of which > 230 were laboratory-confirmed) were reported between mid-June and 19 August 2023; this is also a significant increase. Cases have been registered throughout the country, but mainly in the autonomous district of Abidjan.

In the Indian state of Assam (north-eastern part of the country), 432 cases of Japanese encephalitis (JE) were reported by the end of August, 24 of which were fatal. Cases have increased almost tenfold since the beginning of August 2023.Ranchi district in Jharkhand state in northern India has also reported an increase in JE cases, although the numbers are still modest, with 12 cases in recent weeks.

The number of reported tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) cases in Sweden has risen sharply this year. According to the health authority, 170 cases were confirmed in the month of August alone. In Sweden, the ticks had favourable conditions this year, as the weather alternated between high temperatures and a lot of precipitation.

According to media reports, a case of canine rabies has been reported in the city of São Paulo in Brazil. The infection was confirmed by the Pasteur Institute. This is the first case of canine rabies since 1983. The case is still under investigation and has already led to surveillance measures in the region and 367 animals have been vaccinated with rabies vaccine.

Five cases of Nipah virus infection, including two deaths, have been reported in Kozhikode, Kerala, since late August. The index case was hospitalized in Kozhikade district on August 28, 2023; the other four cases are either family members or hospital contacts of the index case.Restrictions such as lockdowns were announced to prevent the spread of the virus. Some schools, colleges and offices have been closed and 7 villages have been declared a containment zone. Wearing masks and using disinfectants were made mandatory in the containment zone. The source of the infection is still under investigation. The last documented case of NiV infection in India occurred in 2021, also in Kozhikade district.Nipah virus (NiV) is a highly pathogenic virus belonging to the family Paramyxoviridae, genus Henipavirus. It was first isolated and identified in 1999 during an outbreak in Malaysia and Singapore. Since then, several outbreaks have been reported in South and Southeast Asia. NiV is most commonly transmitted via fruit bats, a species of bat that is the natural reservoir, through direct or indirect contact with their excreta. Tree fruits or sap produced from them contaminated with bat droppings are often considered a source of infection. Human-to-human transmission has been reported during the care of infected patients. In addition, pigs may also be infected. The spectrum of disease ranges from (usually) asymptomatic courses to flu-like symptoms with high fever, headache, and muscle pain to encephalitis with severe neurologic or even pulmonary complications. Mortality is high (40-70%).

In Bordeaux, in southwestern France, fifteen people were diagnosed with suspected botulism, including 1 death. At least ten persons were hospitalized and eight were treated in intensive care. Type B botulism toxin was detected in serum samples from some of the affected individuals, and sardines tested were positive for Clostridium botulinum type B. All patients reported eating at the same restaurant that served locally produced canned sardines, which were confirmed as the source of infection. The patients were individuals of U.S., British, Canadian, English, French, German, Irish, and Spanish nationality. The product was immediately withdrawn from circulation and control measures are being implemented in the restaurant.

Since the first week of August and until September 11, 2023, 14 cases of locally acquired (autochthonous) dengue fever infection have been registered in the Italian regions of Lombardy and 5 cases in the region of Lazio, including Rome. All cases were laboratory-confirmed, and all patients have recovered or are on the road to recovery. Since the beginning of the year, 146 imported dengue cases have been registered in Italy.

In August 2023 alone, 15 cases of leptospirosis were registered in the Lviv region. This is five times more than in the first half of 2022, and 21 cases have been reported since the beginning of the year. According to epidemiological investigations, the infections occurred in the following ways: during contact of damaged skin with infected objects, surfaces (12 cases), through water contact (swimming in reservoirs, fishing) (8 cases) and during consumption of infected food (1 case).