One confirmed mpox case was detected in Mayotte on 08 Jan 2026 in a traveler arriving from Madagascar, where an mpox outbreak is ongoing.

In response, neighboring countries have implemented control measures:

• Comoros requires travelers from Madagascar to present a medical certificate issued within five days prior to departure.
  
• Mauritius has classified Madagascar as a country at risk and has introduced enhanced passenger screening.

Since 16 December 2025, Madagascar has reported approximately 100 suspected mpox cases and around 10 confirmed cases, with the Mahajanga coastal region in northwestern Madagascar remaining the outbreak epicenter.

According to local media citing regional health director Dr. Seynabou Ndiaye, the Rift Valley fever (RVF) outbreak in Senegal’s Saint-Louis Region was declared over on 10 January 2026, with no patients remaining under surveillance.

The outbreak, declared on 21 September 2025, resulted in 360 confirmed cases from 5,196 tested samples, including 21 deaths (case fatality rate: ~5.8%). Nationwide, more than 500 confirmed human cases were reported by December 2025.

As of 8 January 2026, 18 villages in Pamekasan Regency, located on theMadura Island, East Java, Indonesia, were declared experiencing "Extraordinary Events" (KLB), with the highest suspected case counts in Proppo (193), Pamekasan (167), and Padmawaru (131).

In 2025, the regency reported 1’248 measles cases and 12 deaths, predominantly among children under five. Of 209 laboratory-confirmed cases, 78% were unvaccinated, while 22% had received only one dose. Also other regions in East Java reported outbreaks in 2025.

In 2025, Taiwan reported 477 confirmed acute hepatitis A cases, the highest annual total since 2017, including 447 local and 30 imported infections. Most cases were men (82.8%), primarily aged 30–39 (36.2%) and 20–29 (28.5%).

Case numbers rose sharply after March, with 50–65 new cases monthly from July to November, and nearly 40% of domestic cases were linked to intimate contact with infected individuals.

Australia experienced an unprecedented influenza activity during the 2025–2026 season, with more than 457’000 confirmed cases and high transmission continuing through December 2025 and January 2026, a period when influenza typically subsides. The outbreak is largely driven by the H3N2 subclade K.

According to media, as of 6 January 2026, 76 suspected and six confirmed mpox cases have been reported  across six regions: Boeny, Analamanga, Atsimo-Andrefana, Diana, Vakinankaratra, and Itasy. Reports do not indicate which clade has been detected.

This is the first mpox outbreak in Madagascar which was not listed among affected countries during the 2022–2023 global mpox outbreak, nor during the ongoing clade I activity reported in parts of Africa between 2023 and 2025.

Cuba is experiencing its most severe arboviral disease crisis in decades, with widespread circulation of dengue virus serotypes 3 and 4, chikungunya, and Oropouche across several provinces. Substantial underreporting is suggested.

• Chikungunya: As of week 50: more than 45’000 cases (1’569 confirmed); incidence 415/1’000. Transmission remains high.
• Dengue: As of week 50: more than 28’000 cases; incidence 264/1’000.

Gujarat: Since December 2025 and as of 06 Jan 2026, more than 130 suspected typhoid cases have been identified in Gandhinagar, Gujarat, with most affecting children. Investigations are ongoing.

Kerala: As of 30 Dec 2025, 31’536 hepatitis A cases and 82 deaths were reported, the highest on record. This is a sevenfold increase from 2023 (4,581 cases, 15 deaths), following sustained high transmission in 2024 (28,412 cases, 96 deaths).

Madhya Pradesh: A major waterborne disease event in Bhagirathpura, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India, was declared an epidemic in early January 2026 after a rapid rise in acute diarrhea linked to severe drinking water contamination. Conflicting reports indicate approximately 3’000 to 3’200 cases, 400 to 420 hospitalizations, and 10 to 17 deaths, with authorities attributing six to seven fatalities directly to the event. Extensive sewage-related contamination involving multiple pathogens has prompted large-scale emergency water supply measures, intensified surveillance, and infrastructure remediation to prevent sustained or recurrent transmission.

As of 29 December 2025, Thailand has reported 1’379 chikungunya cases, roughly double the 690 cases recorded during the same period in 2024. The northern region, particularly Chiang Mai, has the highest burden: Chiang Mai has reported 462 cumulative cases and an incidence of 28.3 per 100’000 population - the highest among all provinces.