According to WHO, between 1 January and 20 October 2024, over 7.3 million malaria cases and 1’157 deaths (CFR 0.02%) were reported in Ethiopia (estimated population of around 124 million). Of the total cases reported in 2024, majority (95%) were laboratory-confirmed, with Plasmodium falciparum accounting for more than two-thirds of the cases. By contrast, in 2023, 4.1 million malaria cases including 527 deaths were reported, of which Plasmodium falciparum accounted for approximately 70% of all reported cases.

Four regions accounted for 81% of the reported cases and 89% of health facility malaria deaths in 2024: Oromia (44% cases; 667 deaths), Amhara (18% cases; 56 deaths), Southwest (12% cases; 250 deaths) and South Ethiopia Regional State (7% cases; 45 deaths).  Due to favorable geo-ecological conditions, the Western part of the country is experiencing a high malaria burden and is highly affected by the current unprecedented surge as shown in the incidence map for week 42.

The increasing trend in the number of annual cases and endemic areas are likely influenced by reduced vector control efforts, exacerbated by acute and protracted conflicts affecting some Regional States.

Challenges remain in delivering essential health care services, including malaria treatment, in health facilities due to access challenges and barely functioning health facilities in areas affected by conflicts. The presence of other concurrent disease outbreaks and humanitarian emergencies in the country further exacerbates these challenges. WHO assesses the national risk for malaria in Ethiopia as high due to multiple factors including the spread of Anopheles stephensi, drought and food insecurity, climate change-induced extreme weather events and ongoing conflicts. 

Geographical distribution of Malaria cases as of 20 October 2024: